应用单克隆抗体免疫细胞化学法分析尸检组织中肾综合征出血热病毒G2，NP及HA结构蛋白抗原

本文应用15株分别抗肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病毒糖蛋白(Glycoprotein Ⅱ G2),核蛋白(Nuclcocapsid,NP)及血凝素(Hemagglutinin,HA)抗原的单克隆抗体免疫细胞化学方法对19例HFRS尸检病例的16种组织中的病毒抗原进行了定位和分布的研究及抗原分析。结果表明,死于早期HFRS人体组织内病毒抗原量大,分布广泛,主要以可溶性和颗粒性两种形式存在,前者存在于细胞内和细胞外,呈G2,NP及HA抗原阳性,是参与形成免疫复合物的主要抗原形式;后者是以单纯病毒NP或HA抗原阳性的病毒包涵体(IB)形式存在于细胞内,是病毒直接作用所致细胞病变的标志,IB的广泛分布但只有极个别阳性细胞发生坏死,说明该病毒具有泛嗜性感染和弱致细胞病变能力的特性。抗原分析结果显示,组织细胞中病毒抗原的表达及其抗原量受宿主细胞的种属,组织结构特点及病期的影响,也存在个体差异以及因感染病毒株或血清型不同产生差异的可能性。病毒抗原染色形态学证实,NP上具有HA抗原位点,其抗原决定簇有三类,其中的某些抗原决定簇可因病毒宿主动物或细胞的种属不同,表达也不同。HA抗原在人体组织细胞中的高表达和广泛分布也说明HFRSV对人体有很强的侵袭力。     

杨梅根结线虫病及其病原鉴定

本文报道对杨梅根结线虫病的研究及病原鉴定结果。该病症状为:病树根部形成大小不一的根结,内有乳白色囊状雌虫及棕色卵囊;后期根结腐烂,病树叶片黄化脱落,梢枯乃至死亡。病原鉴定确认,引起该病的根结线虫有3个种:爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、南方根结线虫(M.incognita)和北方根结线虫(M. hapla)。爪哇根结线虫为优势种。     

显脉香茶菜化学成分研究

显脉香茶菜;显脉香茶菜丁素;2α-羟基乌苏酸;二萜其茎、叶可人药,民间用以治疗传染性肝炎等症。前文以,报道从该植物的茎、叶中分离到6种成分:乌苏酸     

外源胆固醇对水稻根端线粒体膜流动性的影响

应用荧光探剂 1,6-二苯基-1,3,5-己三烯(DPH)观察外源胆固醇对水稻极端线粒体膜流动性的影响。结果表明,无论外源胆固醇通过水培根系吸收或是直接添加给予水稻根端线粒体,都能使DPH与线粒体结合后的荧光强度减弱,使荧光偏振度和微粘度降低,增加水稻根端线粒体膜流动性。     

辣椒炭疽病菌毒素

辣椒炭疽病菌(辣椒刺盘孢Colletotrichum capsici)在25—28℃的Czapek-Dox培养液中振荡培养时分泌出毒素,这种毒素能引起辣椒叶片形成坏死斑,类似于病原菌侵染形成的症状。辣椒叶煎汁培养液和Czapek-Dox培养液适于C.capsici的生长和产毒,生长适宜温度和范围分别为25℃和pH6—7,在25—28℃,pH6—7的条件下培养滤液毒性最强;光线和通气条件可促进C.capsici的生长和产毒;培养14天的培养滤液毒性最强。培养滤液经丙酮沉淀及离子交换树脂柱和Sephadex G-50柱层析将毒素纯化。实验结果表明该毒素为多聚糖类物质。生物检测结果表明:培养滤液和C.capsici毒素溶液能抑制辣椒、绿豆、豌豆、豇豆种子胚根生长;并能使辣椒幼苗发生萎蔫,这一作用与辣椒品种抗性有关。     

锐孔菌属一新种

本文报道了多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)锐孔菌属(Oxyporus)一新种:长白锐孔菌(Oxyporus changbaiensis Y.P.Bai et X.L.Zeng)。本种在形态特征上与黄白锐孔菌[Oxy-porus cervino-gilvus(Jungh.)Ryv.]相近,但菌丝具有大量横隔膜,且孢子较宽;亦与宽边锐孔菌[Oxyporus latemaginatus(Dur.et Mont.)Donk]相似,但孢子较大,有时有菌盖,囊状体上部被以结晶。文中有拉丁文及中文描述。     

酵母生物合成胞苷二磷酸胆碱 Ⅲ.异常汉逊酵母SVI 311生物合成CDP胆碱的条件

对异常汉逊酵母(H.anomala)SVI 311静息细胞由 CMP和磷酸胆碱合成 CDP- 胆碱的条件,包括反应物浓度、膜活性剂、温度和pH等进行了研究。考察了这些条件对CDP- 胆碱生物合成各主要步骤的影响。     

我国鼎湖山的担子菌类 Ⅲ.牛肝菌科的种之二

本文报道了我国鼎湖山牛肝菌20个种,其中4个新种,1个新变种以及15个国内新记录。褐小牛肝菌属 Fuscoboletinus Pomerleau et Smith 和南方牛肝菌属 Austroboletus(Corner)Wolf为新纪录属。4个新种是:辐射状条孢牛肝菌 Boletellus radiatus Bi sp. nov.,亚黄褐牛肝菌 Boletus subfulvus Bi sp. nov.,变红褐色牛肝菌 Boletus rufo-brunnescens Bi sp.nov.以及近浅灰色牛肝菌 Boletus subgriseus Bi sp. nov.。1个新变种为小近白褐疣柄牛肝菌Leccinum subleucophaeum Dick et Snell var. minimum Bi var. nov.。文中有分属和分种的检索表。新种和新变种均有汉文和拉丁文描述。     

Effects of Anti-Angiogenesis on Glioblastoma Growth and Migration: Model to Clinical Predictions

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) causes significant neurological morbidity and short survival times. Brain invasion by GBM is associated with poor prognosis. Recent clinical trials of bevacizumab in newly-diagnosed GBM found no beneficial effects on overall survival times; however, the baseline health-related quality of life and performance status were maintained longer in the bevacizumab group and the glucocorticoid requirement was lower. Here, we construct a clinical-scale model of GBM whose predictions uncover a new pattern of recurrence in 11/70 bevacizumab-treated patients. The findings support an exception to the Folkman hypothesis: GBM grows in the absence of angiogenesis by a cycle of proliferation and brain invasion that expands necrosis. Furthermore, necrosis is positively correlated with brain invasion in 26 newly-diagnosed GBM. The unintuitive results explain the unusual clinical effects of bevacizumab and suggest new hypotheses on the dynamic clinical effects of migration by active transport, a mechanism of hypoxia-driven brain invasion.     

Ethnicity and human genetic linkage maps

Human genetic linkage maps are based on rates of recombination across the genome. These rates in humans vary by the sex of the parent from whom alleles are inherited, by chromosomal position, and by genomic features, such as GC content and repeat density. We have examined--for the first time, to our knowledge--racial/ethnic differences in genetic maps of humans. We constructed genetic maps based on 353 microsatellite markers in four racial/ethnic groups: whites, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and East Asians (Chinese and Japanese). These maps were generated using 9,291 subjects from 2,900 nuclear families who participated in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-funded Family Blood Pressure Program, the largest sample used for map construction to date. Although the maps for the different groups are generally similar, we did find regional and genomewide differences across ethnic groups, including a longer genomewide map for African Americans than for other populations. Some of this variation was explained by genotyping artifacts--namely, null alleles (i.e., alleles with null phenotypes) at a number of loci--and by ethnic differences in null-allele frequencies. In particular, null alleles appear to be the likely explanation for the excess map length in African Americans. We also found that nonrandom missing data biases map results. However, we found regions on chromosome 8p and telomeric segments with significant ethnic differences and a suggestive interval on chromosome 12q that were not due to genotype artifacts. The difference on chromosome 8p is likely due to a polymorphic inversion in the region. The results of our investigation have implications for inferences of possible genetic influences on human recombination as well as for future linkage studies, especially those involving populations of nonwhite ethnicity.